VMWare的VM遇到硬碟空間不足

software_development
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發現VMWare的VM遇到硬碟空間不足，紀錄一下擴充的步驟

  • VMware VM
  • Guest OS use the LVM

增加虛擬機硬碟容量

注意虛擬機需要先關機且不能有snapshot

若有snapshot時，會看到以下錯誤訊息

Disks that belong to virtual machines with snapshots cannot be expanded. To expand this disk, first remove snapshots.

增加Partition, LVM和Filesystem的容量

參考這一篇，寫得十分詳細且附圖

Partition

從84.2GB到106GB

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[root@foo ~]# parted
GNU Parted 3.5
Using /dev/sda
Welcome to GNU Parted! Type 'help' to view a list of commands.
(parted) print
Model: VMware Virtual disk (scsi)
Disk /dev/sda: 107GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: gpt
Disk Flags:

Number  Start   End     Size    File system  Name                  Flags
 1      1049kB  630MB   629MB   fat32        EFI System Partition  boot, esp
 2      630MB   1704MB  1074MB  xfs
 3      1704MB  85.9GB  84.2GB                                     lvm

(parted) resizepart 3 100%
(parted) print
Model: VMware Virtual disk (scsi)
Disk /dev/sda: 107GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: gpt
Disk Flags:

Number  Start   End     Size    File system  Name                  Flags
 1      1049kB  630MB   629MB   fat32        EFI System Partition  boot, esp
 2      630MB   1704MB  1074MB  xfs
 3      1704MB  107GB   106GB                                      lvm

(parted) quit
Information: You may need to update /etc/fstab.

[root@foo ~]#

LVM - Physical Volume, Logical Volume

Physical Volume
新增後可以看到Free PE數量從0到5120

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[root@foo ~]# pvdisplay -v
  --- Physical volume ---
  PV Name               /dev/sda3
  VG Name               vg_root
  PV Size               78.41 GiB / not usable 2.00 MiB
  Allocatable           yes (but full)
  PE Size               4.00 MiB
  Total PE              20073
  Free PE               0
  Allocated PE          20073
  PV UUID               Qnf8NM-g5Qe-zGLr-tGkG-hD1N-nIZ1-EqpbBl

[root@foo ~]# pvresize /dev/sda3
  Physical volume "/dev/sda3" changed
  1 physical volume(s) resized or updated / 0 physical volume(s) not resized
[root@foo ~]# pvdisplay -v
  --- Physical volume ---
  PV Name               /dev/sda3
  VG Name               vg_root
  PV Size               98.41 GiB / not usable 1.98 MiB
  Allocatable           yes
  PE Size               4.00 MiB
  Total PE              25193
  Free PE               5120
  Allocated PE          20073
  PV UUID               Qnf8NM-g5Qe-zGLr-tGkG-hD1N-nIZ1-EqpbBl

[root@foo ~]#

Logical Volume
想要增加Logical Volume(/dev/vg_root/lv_root)的容量，新增後可以看到Free PE / Size從20.00 GiB變成10.00 GiB，原因是使用+50%FREE的設定，之後若有需求還可以直接用剩下的50%，不需再從partition開始處理

注意/還是37GB

/dev/mapper/vg_root-lv_root xfs 37G 37G 283M 100% /

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[root@foo ~]# vgdisplay -v
  --- Volume group ---
  VG Name               vg_root
  System ID
  Format                lvm2
  Metadata Areas        1
  Metadata Sequence No  6
  VG Access             read/write
  VG Status             resizable
  MAX LV                0
  Cur LV                4
  Open LV               4
  Max PV                0
  Cur PV                1
  Act PV                1
  VG Size               98.41 GiB
  PE Size               4.00 MiB
  Total PE              25193
  Alloc PE / Size       20073 / 78.41 GiB
  Free  PE / Size       5120 / 20.00 GiB
  VG UUID               BnvIou-XqN8-sc92-49H9-xxQr-GSWR-Q9Fh3q

  --- Logical volume ---
  LV Path                /dev/vg_root/lv_swap
  LV Name                lv_swap
  VG Name                vg_root
  LV UUID                IqhY2J-cOGY-JVvo-Veoh-zgh8-Grfk-xIDedM
  LV Write Access        read/write
  LV Creation host, time us-elmerh-nb.bar.com, 2024-12-25 23:58:17 -0500
  LV Status              available
  # open                 2
  LV Size                2.00 GiB
  Current LE             512
  Segments               1
  Allocation             inherit
  Read ahead sectors     auto
  - currently set to     256
  Block device           253:1

  --- Logical volume ---
  LV Path                /dev/vg_root/lv_tmp
  LV Name                lv_tmp
  VG Name                vg_root
  LV UUID                K30WD7-Sfzh-Ltzy-jSzz-cQ2K-xSjR-vn8OKn
  LV Write Access        read/write
  LV Creation host, time us-elmerh-nb.bar.com, 2024-12-25 23:58:17 -0500
  LV Status              available
  # open                 1
  LV Size                30.00 GiB
  Current LE             7680
  Segments               1
  Allocation             inherit
  Read ahead sectors     auto
  - currently set to     256
  Block device           253:2

  --- Logical volume ---
  LV Path                /dev/vg_root/lv_home
  LV Name                lv_home
  VG Name                vg_root
  LV UUID                gKGzVT-9494-yDce-3aPX-Gr00-aYEb-I4dIiC
  LV Write Access        read/write
  LV Creation host, time us-elmerh-nb.bar.com, 2024-12-25 23:58:18 -0500
  LV Status              available
  # open                 1
  LV Size                10.00 GiB
  Current LE             2560
  Segments               1
  Allocation             inherit
  Read ahead sectors     auto
  - currently set to     256
  Block device           253:3

  --- Logical volume ---
  LV Path                /dev/vg_root/lv_root
  LV Name                lv_root
  VG Name                vg_root
  LV UUID                2jqRPu-YCdK-wOMD-fTGe-3vlO-fBYm-5DcZGI
  LV Write Access        read/write
  LV Creation host, time us-elmerh-nb.bar.com, 2024-12-25 23:58:18 -0500
  LV Status              available
  # open                 1
  LV Size                36.41 GiB
  Current LE             9321
  Segments               1
  Allocation             inherit
  Read ahead sectors     auto
  - currently set to     256
  Block device           253:0

  --- Physical volumes ---
  PV Name               /dev/sda3
  PV UUID               Qnf8NM-g5Qe-zGLr-tGkG-hD1N-nIZ1-EqpbBl
  PV Status             allocatable
  Total PE / Free PE    25193 / 5120

[root@foo ~]# lvextend -l +50%FREE /dev/vg_root/lv_root
  Size of logical volume vg_root/lv_root changed from 36.41 GiB (9321 extents) to 46.41 GiB (11881 extents).
  Logical volume vg_root/lv_root successfully resized.
[root@foo ~]# vgdisplay -v
  --- Volume group ---
  VG Name               vg_root
  System ID
  Format                lvm2
  Metadata Areas        1
  Metadata Sequence No  7
  VG Access             read/write
  VG Status             resizable
  MAX LV                0
  Cur LV                4
  Open LV               4
  Max PV                0
  Cur PV                1
  Act PV                1
  VG Size               98.41 GiB
  PE Size               4.00 MiB
  Total PE              25193
  Alloc PE / Size       22633 / 88.41 GiB
  Free  PE / Size       2560 / 10.00 GiB
  VG UUID               BnvIou-XqN8-sc92-49H9-xxQr-GSWR-Q9Fh3q

  --- Logical volume ---
  LV Path                /dev/vg_root/lv_swap
  LV Name                lv_swap
  VG Name                vg_root
  LV UUID                IqhY2J-cOGY-JVvo-Veoh-zgh8-Grfk-xIDedM
  LV Write Access        read/write
  LV Creation host, time us-elmerh-nb.bar.com, 2024-12-25 23:58:17 -0500
  LV Status              available
  # open                 2
  LV Size                2.00 GiB
  Current LE             512
  Segments               1
  Allocation             inherit
  Read ahead sectors     auto
  - currently set to     256
  Block device           253:1

  --- Logical volume ---
  LV Path                /dev/vg_root/lv_tmp
  LV Name                lv_tmp
  VG Name                vg_root
  LV UUID                K30WD7-Sfzh-Ltzy-jSzz-cQ2K-xSjR-vn8OKn
  LV Write Access        read/write
  LV Creation host, time us-elmerh-nb.bar.com, 2024-12-25 23:58:17 -0500
  LV Status              available
  # open                 1
  LV Size                30.00 GiB
  Current LE             7680
  Segments               1
  Allocation             inherit
  Read ahead sectors     auto
  - currently set to     256
  Block device           253:2

  --- Logical volume ---
  LV Path                /dev/vg_root/lv_home
  LV Name                lv_home
  VG Name                vg_root
  LV UUID                gKGzVT-9494-yDce-3aPX-Gr00-aYEb-I4dIiC
  LV Write Access        read/write
  LV Creation host, time us-elmerh-nb.bar.com, 2024-12-25 23:58:18 -0500
  LV Status              available
  # open                 1
  LV Size                10.00 GiB
  Current LE             2560
  Segments               1
  Allocation             inherit
  Read ahead sectors     auto
  - currently set to     256
  Block device           253:3

  --- Logical volume ---
  LV Path                /dev/vg_root/lv_root
  LV Name                lv_root
  VG Name                vg_root
  LV UUID                2jqRPu-YCdK-wOMD-fTGe-3vlO-fBYm-5DcZGI
  LV Write Access        read/write
  LV Creation host, time us-elmerh-nb.bar.com, 2024-12-25 23:58:18 -0500
  LV Status              available
  # open                 1
  LV Size                46.41 GiB
  Current LE             11881
  Segments               1
  Allocation             inherit
  Read ahead sectors     auto
  - currently set to     256
  Block device           253:0

  --- Physical volumes ---
  PV Name               /dev/sda3
  PV UUID               Qnf8NM-g5Qe-zGLr-tGkG-hD1N-nIZ1-EqpbBl
  PV Status             allocatable
  Total PE / Free PE    25193 / 2560

[root@bar ~]# df -hT
Filesystem                  Type      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
devtmpfs                    devtmpfs  4.0M     0  4.0M   0% /dev
tmpfs                       tmpfs     7.7G   84K  7.7G   1% /dev/shm
tmpfs                       tmpfs     3.1G   14M  3.1G   1% /run
efivarfs                    efivarfs  256K   28K  224K  11% /sys/firmware/efi/efivars
/dev/mapper/vg_root-lv_root xfs        37G   37G  283M 100% /
/dev/mapper/vg_root-lv_tmp  xfs        30G  4.7G   26G  16% /tmp
/dev/sda2                   xfs       960M  347M  614M  37% /boot
/dev/sda1                   vfat      599M  7.1M  592M   2% /boot/efi
/dev/mapper/vg_root-lv_home xfs        10G  6.4G  3.6G  65% /home
shm                         tmpfs      63M  336K   63M   1% /var/lib/containers/storage/overlay-containers/c6f86549ddc0cc3d3b7a7806afa72b8c870127a0d04c5e34b49b5e4f23717134/userdata/shm
overlay                     overlay    37G   37G  283M 100% /var/lib/containers/storage/overlay/86af4839a4f8284ed47884d8a36db2643858cc0b2d02146b9634805d223be178/merged
overlay                     overlay    37G   37G  283M 100% /var/lib/containers/storage/overlay/2f7ab5db365f8310894e5f26b340a536fafb4b9d3c220fd8e959564880cd2cdb/merged
overlay                     overlay    37G   37G  283M 100% /var/lib/containers/storage/overlay/ba39df3b093f81c42630ebced664f7454612b41529fe76e0c8c5a4b1943aab0a/merged
tmpfs                       tmpfs     1.6G  104K  1.6G   1% /run/user/1000
[root@foo ~]#

Filesystem - XFS

針對xfs增加，完成後變成47G

/dev/mapper/vg_root-lv_root xfs 47G 37G 11G 78% /

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[root@foo ~]# xfs_growfs /dev/vg_root/lv_root
meta-data=/dev/mapper/vg_root-lv_root isize=512    agcount=4, agsize=2386176 blks
         =                       sectsz=512   attr=2, projid32bit=1
         =                       crc=1        finobt=1, sparse=1, rmapbt=0
         =                       reflink=1    bigtime=1 inobtcount=1 nrext64=0
data     =                       bsize=4096   blocks=9544704, imaxpct=25
         =                       sunit=0      swidth=0 blks
naming   =version 2              bsize=4096   ascii-ci=0, ftype=1
log      =internal log           bsize=4096   blocks=16384, version=2
         =                       sectsz=512   sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none                   extsz=4096   blocks=0, rtextents=0
data blocks changed from 9544704 to 12166144
[root@foo ~]# df -hT
Filesystem                  Type      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
devtmpfs                    devtmpfs  4.0M     0  4.0M   0% /dev
tmpfs                       tmpfs     7.7G   84K  7.7G   1% /dev/shm
tmpfs                       tmpfs     3.1G   14M  3.1G   1% /run
efivarfs                    efivarfs  256K   28K  224K  11% /sys/firmware/efi/efivars
/dev/mapper/vg_root-lv_root xfs        47G   37G   11G  78% /
/dev/mapper/vg_root-lv_tmp  xfs        30G  4.7G   26G  16% /tmp
/dev/sda2                   xfs       960M  347M  614M  37% /boot
/dev/sda1                   vfat      599M  7.1M  592M   2% /boot/efi
/dev/mapper/vg_root-lv_home xfs        10G  6.4G  3.6G  65% /home
shm                         tmpfs      63M  336K   63M   1% /var/lib/containers/storage/overlay-containers/c6f86549ddc0cc3d3b7a7806afa72b8c870127a0d04c5e34b49b5e4f23717134/userdata/shm
overlay                     overlay    47G   37G   11G  78% /var/lib/containers/storage/overlay/86af4839a4f8284ed47884d8a36db2643858cc0b2d02146b9634805d223be178/merged
overlay                     overlay    47G   37G   11G  78% /var/lib/containers/storage/overlay/2f7ab5db365f8310894e5f26b340a536fafb4b9d3c220fd8e959564880cd2cdb/merged
overlay                     overlay    47G   37G   11G  78% /var/lib/containers/storage/overlay/ba39df3b093f81c42630ebced664f7454612b41529fe76e0c8c5a4b1943aab0a/merged
tmpfs                       tmpfs     1.6G  104K  1.6G   1% /run/user/1000
[root@foo ~]#