安裝pip和virtualenv
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 sudo apt update curl -o get-pip.py https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py python3 get-pip.py --user sudo apt install virtualenv sudo apt update curl -O https://bootstrap.pypa.io/pip/3.5/get-pip.py python3 get-pip.py --user sudo apt install virtualenv
從source安裝python3.7
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 sudo apt update sudo apt install build-essential zlib1g-dev libncurses5-dev libgdbm-dev libnss3-dev libssl-dev libreadline-dev libffi-dev wget ver=3.7.10 ver_under_score=$(echo $ver | sed -e 's/\./_/g' ) tmp_build_dir=/tmp/${ver_under_score} mkdir ${tmp_build_dir} && cd ${tmp_build_dir} wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/${ver} /Python-${ver} .tar.xz tar xvf Python-${ver} .tar.xz -C ${tmp_build_dir} cd ${tmp_build_dir} /Python-${ver} /./configure --enable -optimizations sudo make altinstall
將原本的python3換成python3.7
1 2 3 python3 -V update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/python3 python3 /usr/local /bin/python3.7 1 python3 -V
參考
zlib1g-dev相依問題 出現linux-headers相依性問題, 看起來是linux-headers-4.4.0-169-generic尚未被安裝, 使用uname -r 確認目前版本並透過ls -la /usr/src/確認已下載的檔案, 最後利用系統提示的sudo apt-get -f install重新安裝linux-headers
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 $ sudo apt-get install -y zlib1g-dev Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done You might want to run 'apt-get -f install' to correct these: The following packages have unmet dependencies: linux-headers-generic : Depends: linux-headers-4.4.0-169-generic but it is not going to be installed zlib1g-dev : Depends: zlib1g (= 1:1.2.8.dfsg-2ubuntu4.3) but 1:1.2.8.dfsg-2ubuntu4 is to be installed $ uname -r 4.4.0-166-generic $ ls -la /usr/src/ total 132 drwxr-xr-x 33 root root 4096 Nov 13 2019 . drwxr-xr-x 10 root root 4096 Feb 21 2017 .. drwxr-xr-x 27 root root 4096 Dec 10 2018 linux-headers-4.4.0-140 drwxr-xr-x 7 root root 4096 Dec 10 2018 linux-headers-4.4.0-140-generic drwxr-xr-x 27 root root 4096 Dec 21 2018 linux-headers-4.4.0-141 drwxr-xr-x 7 root root 4096 Dec 21 2018 linux-headers-4.4.0-141-generic drwxr-xr-x 27 root root 4096 Feb 4 2019 linux-headers-4.4.0-142 drwxr-xr-x 7 root root 4096 Feb 4 2019 linux-headers-4.4.0-142-generic drwxr-xr-x 27 root root 4096 Mar 15 2019 linux-headers-4.4.0-143 drwxr-xr-x 7 root root 4096 Mar 15 2019 linux-headers-4.4.0-143-generic drwxr-xr-x 27 root root 4096 Apr 3 2019 linux-headers-4.4.0-145 drwxr-xr-x 7 root root 4096 Apr 3 2019 linux-headers-4.4.0-145-generic drwxr-xr-x 27 root root 4096 May 16 2019 linux-headers-4.4.0-148 drwxr-xr-x 7 root root 4096 May 16 2019 linux-headers-4.4.0-148-generic drwxr-xr-x 27 root root 4096 Jun 6 2019 linux-headers-4.4.0-150 drwxr-xr-x 7 root root 4096 Jun 6 2019 linux-headers-4.4.0-150-generic drwxr-xr-x 27 root root 4096 Jun 20 2019 linux-headers-4.4.0-151 drwxr-xr-x 7 root root 4096 Jun 20 2019 linux-headers-4.4.0-151-generic drwxr-xr-x 27 root root 4096 Jun 29 2019 linux-headers-4.4.0-154 drwxr-xr-x 7 root root 4096 Jun 29 2019 linux-headers-4.4.0-154-generic drwxr-xr-x 27 root root 4096 Jul 25 2019 linux-headers-4.4.0-157 drwxr-xr-x 7 root root 4096 Jul 25 2019 linux-headers-4.4.0-157-generic drwxr-xr-x 27 root root 4096 Aug 14 2019 linux-headers-4.4.0-159 drwxr-xr-x 7 root root 4096 Aug 14 2019 linux-headers-4.4.0-159-generic drwxr-xr-x 27 root root 4096 Sep 4 2019 linux-headers-4.4.0-161 drwxr-xr-x 7 root root 4096 Sep 4 2019 linux-headers-4.4.0-161-generic drwxr-xr-x 27 root root 4096 Sep 18 2019 linux-headers-4.4.0-164 drwxr-xr-x 7 root root 4096 Sep 18 2019 linux-headers-4.4.0-164-generic drwxr-xr-x 27 root root 4096 Oct 2 2019 linux-headers-4.4.0-165 drwxr-xr-x 7 root root 4096 Oct 2 2019 linux-headers-4.4.0-165-generic drwxr-xr-x 27 root root 4096 Oct 22 2019 linux-headers-4.4.0-166 drwxr-xr-x 7 root root 4096 Oct 22 2019 linux-headers-4.4.0-166-generic drwxr-xr-x 27 root root 4096 Nov 13 2019 linux-headers-4.4.0-169
sudo apt-get -f install
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 $ sudo apt-get -f install Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done Correcting dependencies... Done The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required: linux-headers-4.4.0-140 linux-headers-4.4.0-140-generic linux-headers-4.4.0-141 linux-headers-4.4.0-141-generic linux-headers-4.4.0-142 linux-headers-4.4.0-142-generic linux-headers-4.4.0-143 linux-headers-4.4.0-143-generic linux-headers-4.4.0-145 linux-headers-4.4.0-145-generic linux-headers-4.4.0-148 linux-headers-4.4.0-148-generic linux-headers-4.4.0-150 linux-headers-4.4.0-150-generic linux-headers-4.4.0-151 linux-headers-4.4.0-151-generic linux-headers-4.4.0-154 linux-headers-4.4.0-154-generic linux-headers-4.4.0-157 linux-headers-4.4.0-157-generic linux-headers-4.4.0-159 linux-headers-4.4.0-159-generic linux-headers-4.4.0-161 linux-headers-4.4.0-161-generic linux-headers-4.4.0-164 linux-headers-4.4.0-164-generic linux-headers-4.4.0-169 linux-headers-4.4.0-64 linux-headers-4.4.0-64-generic linux-headers-4.4.0-66 linux-headers-4.4.0-66-generic linux-headers-4.4.0-70 linux-headers-4.4.0-70-generic linux-headers-4.4.0-71 linux-headers-4.4.0-71-generic linux-headers-4.4.0-72 linux-headers-4.4.0-72-generic linux-headers-4.4.0-75 linux-headers-4.4.0-75-generic linux-headers-4.4.0-78 linux-headers-4.4.0-78-generic linux-headers-4.4.0-79 linux-headers-4.4.0-79-generic linux-headers-4.4.0-81 linux-headers-4.4.0-81-generic linux-headers-4.4.0-83 linux-headers-4.4.0-83-generic linux-headers-4.4.0-87 linux-headers-4.4.0-87-generic linux-headers-4.4.0-89 linux-headers-4.4.0-89-generic linux-headers-4.4.0-91 linux-headers-4.4.0-91-generic linux-headers-4.4.0-92 linux-headers-4.4.0-92-generic linux-headers-4.4.0-93 linux-headers-4.4.0-93-generic linux-headers-4.4.0-97 linux-image-4.4.0-140-generic linux-image-4.4.0-141-generic linux-image-4.4.0-142-generic linux-image-4.4.0-143-generic linux-image-4.4.0-145-generic linux-image-4.4.0-148-generic linux-image-4.4.0-150-generic linux-image-4.4.0-151-generic linux-image-4.4.0-154-generic linux-image-4.4.0-157-generic linux-image-4.4.0-159-generic linux-image-4.4.0-161-generic linux-image-4.4.0-164-generic linux-image-4.4.0-169-generic linux-image-4.4.0-64-generic linux-image-4.4.0-66-generic linux-image-4.4.0-70-generic linux-image-4.4.0-71-generic linux-image-4.4.0-72-generic linux-image-4.4.0-75-generic linux-image-4.4.0-78-generic linux-image-4.4.0-79-generic linux-image-4.4.0-81-generic linux-image-4.4.0-83-generic linux-image-4.4.0-87-generic linux-image-4.4.0-89-generic linux-image-4.4.0-91-generic linux-image-4.4.0-92-generic linux-image-4.4.0-93-generic linux-modules-4.4.0-143-generic linux-modules-4.4.0-145-generic linux-modules-4.4.0-148-generic linux-modules-4.4.0-150-generic linux-modules-4.4.0-151-generic linux-modules-4.4.0-154-generic linux-modules-4.4.0-157-generic linux-modules-4.4.0-159-generic linux-modules-4.4.0-161-generic linux-modules-4.4.0-164-generic linux-modules-4.4.0-169-generic Use 'sudo apt autoremove' to remove them. The following additional packages will be installed: linux-headers-4.4.0-210 linux-headers-4.4.0-210-generic linux-headers-generic linux-headers-virtual linux-image-4.4.0-210-generic linux-image-virtual linux-modules-4.4.0-210-generic linux-virtual Suggested packages: fdutils linux-doc-4.4.0 | linux-source-4.4.0 linux-tools The following NEW packages will be installed: linux-headers-4.4.0-210 linux-headers-4.4.0-210-generic linux-image-4.4.0-210-generic linux-modules-4.4.0-210-generic The following packages will be upgraded: linux-headers-generic linux-headers-virtual linux-image-virtual linux-virtual 4 upgraded, 4 newly installed, 0 to remove and 243 not upgraded. 9 not fully installed or removed. Need to get 29.8 MB of archives. After this operation, 147 MB of additional disk space will be used. Do you want to continue? [Y/n] Y Get:1 http://us-east-1.ec2.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/main amd64 linux-modules-4.4.0-210-generic amd64 4.4.0-210.242 [12.1 MB] Get:2 http://us-east-1.ec2.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/main amd64 linux-image-4.4.0-210-generic amd64 4.4.0-210.242 [6,954 kB] Get:3 http://us-east-1.ec2.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/main amd64 linux-virtual amd64 4.4.0.210.216 [1,780 B] Get:4 http://us-east-1.ec2.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/main amd64 linux-image-virtual amd64 4.4.0.210.216 [2,462 B] Get:5 http://us-east-1.ec2.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/main amd64 linux-headers-virtual amd64 4.4.0.210.216 [1,754 B] Get:6 http://us-east-1.ec2.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/main amd64 linux-headers-4.4.0-210 all 4.4.0-210.242 [10.0 MB] Get:7 http://us-east-1.ec2.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/main amd64 linux-headers-4.4.0-210-generic amd64 4.4.0-210.242 [786 kB] Get:8 http://us-east-1.ec2.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/main amd64 linux-headers-generic amd64 4.4.0.210.216 [2,290 B] Fetched 29.8 MB in 0s (47.9 MB/s) Selecting previously unselected package linux-modules-4.4.0-210-generic. (Reading database ... 937136 files and directories currently installed.) Preparing to unpack .../linux-modules-4.4.0-210-generic_4.4.0-210.242_amd64.deb ... Unpacking linux-modules-4.4.0-210-generic (4.4.0-210.242) ... Selecting previously unselected package linux-image-4.4.0-210-generic. Preparing to unpack .../linux-image-4.4.0-210-generic_4.4.0-210.242_amd64.deb ... Unpacking linux-image-4.4.0-210-generic (4.4.0-210.242) ... Preparing to unpack .../linux-virtual_4.4.0.210.216_amd64.deb ... Unpacking linux-virtual (4.4.0.210.216) over (4.4.0.169.177) ... Preparing to unpack .../linux-image-virtual_4.4.0.210.216_amd64.deb ... Unpacking linux-image-virtual (4.4.0.210.216) over (4.4.0.169.177) ... Preparing to unpack .../linux-headers-virtual_4.4.0.210.216_amd64.deb ... Unpacking linux-headers-virtual (4.4.0.210.216) over (4.4.0.169.177) ... Selecting previously unselected package linux-headers-4.4.0-210. Preparing to unpack .../linux-headers-4.4.0-210_4.4.0-210.242_all.deb ... Unpacking linux-headers-4.4.0-210 (4.4.0-210.242) ... Selecting previously unselected package linux-headers-4.4.0-210-generic. Preparing to unpack .../linux-headers-4.4.0-210-generic_4.4.0-210.242_amd64.deb ... Unpacking linux-headers-4.4.0-210-generic (4.4.0-210.242) ... Preparing to unpack .../linux-headers-generic_4.4.0.210.216_amd64.deb ... Unpacking linux-headers-generic (4.4.0.210.216) over (4.4.0.169.177) ... Setting up libjpeg-turbo8:amd64 (1.4.2-0ubuntu3.3) ... Setting up linux-headers-4.4.0-169 (4.4.0-169.198) ... Setting up linux-modules-4.4.0-210-generic (4.4.0-210.242) ... Setting up linux-image-4.4.0-210-generic (4.4.0-210.242) ... I: /vmlinuz.old is now a symlink to boot/vmlinuz-4.4.0-166-generic I: /initrd.img.old is now a symlink to boot/initrd.img-4.4.0-166-generic I: /vmlinuz is now a symlink to boot/vmlinuz-4.4.0-210-generic I: /initrd.img is now a symlink to boot/initrd.img-4.4.0-210-generic Setting up linux-image-virtual (4.4.0.210.216) ... Setting up linux-headers-4.4.0-210 (4.4.0-210.242) ... Setting up linux-headers-4.4.0-210-generic (4.4.0-210.242) ... Setting up linux-headers-generic (4.4.0.210.216) ... Setting up linux-headers-virtual (4.4.0.210.216) ... Setting up linux-virtual (4.4.0.210.216) ... Setting up linux-modules-4.4.0-169-generic (4.4.0-169.198) ... Setting up linux-image-4.4.0-169-generic (4.4.0-169.198) ... I: /vmlinuz.old is now a symlink to boot/vmlinuz-4.4.0-210-generic I: /vmlinuz is now a symlink to boot/vmlinuz-4.4.0-169-generic I: /initrd.img is now a symlink to boot/initrd.img-4.4.0-169-generic Setting up linux-libc-dev:amd64 (4.4.0-169.198) ... Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.23-0ubuntu10) ... Processing triggers for linux-image-4.4.0-210-generic (4.4.0-210.242) ... /etc/kernel/postinst.d/initramfs-tools: update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-4.4.0-210-generic W: mdadm: /etc/mdadm/mdadm.conf defines no arrays. /etc/kernel/postinst.d/zz-update-grub: Generating grub configuration file ... Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-4.4.0-210-generic ... done
參考
執行sudo apt-get install -f 發生錯誤 錯誤訊息訊息看起來是disk空間滿了, 但使用df -sh發現還有空間, 後來查了一篇文章所提示的線索可能是inode滿了, 透過df -i檢查的確已經100%, 最後透過手動刪除/usr/src/較舊的linux-header減少inode的使用量
No apport report written because the error message indicates a disk full error
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 sudo apt-get -f install Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done Correcting dependencies... Done The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required: linux-headers-4.4.0-154 linux-headers-4.4.0-154-generic linux-headers-4.4.0-64 linux-headers-4.4.0-64-generic linux-headers-4.4.0-66 linux-headers-4.4.0-66-generic linux-headers-4.4.0-70 linux-headers-4.4.0-70-generic linux-headers-4.4.0-71 linux-headers-4.4.0-71-generic linux-headers-4.4.0-72 linux-headers-4.4.0-72-generic linux-headers-4.4.0-75 linux-headers-4.4.0-75-generic linux-headers-4.4.0-78 linux-headers-4.4.0-78-generic linux-headers-4.4.0-79 linux-headers-4.4.0-79-generic linux-headers-4.4.0-81 linux-headers-4.4.0-81-generic linux-headers-4.4.0-83 linux-headers-4.4.0-83-generic linux-headers-4.4.0-87 linux-headers-4.4.0-87-generic linux-headers-4.4.0-89 linux-headers-4.4.0-89-generic linux-headers-4.4.0-91 linux-headers-4.4.0-91-generic linux-headers-4.4.0-92 linux-headers-4.4.0-92-generic linux-headers-4.4.0-93 linux-headers-4.4.0-93-generic linux-headers-4.4.0-97 linux-image-4.4.0-154-generic linux-image-4.4.0-64-generic linux-image-4.4.0-66-generic linux-image-4.4.0-70-generic linux-image-4.4.0-71-generic linux-image-4.4.0-72-generic linux-image-4.4.0-75-generic linux-image-4.4.0-78-generic linux-image-4.4.0-79-generic linux-image-4.4.0-81-generic linux-image-4.4.0-83-generic linux-image-4.4.0-87-generic linux-image-4.4.0-89-generic linux-image-4.4.0-91-generic linux-image-4.4.0-92-generic linux-image-4.4.0-93-generic linux-modules-4.4.0-154-generic Use 'sudo apt autoremove' to remove them. The following additional packages will be installed: linux-headers-4.4.0-204-generic The following NEW packages will be installed: linux-headers-4.4.0-204-generic 0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 126 not upgraded. 10 not fully installed or removed. Need to get 0 B/796 kB of archives. After this operation, 7,743 kB of additional disk space will be used. Do you want to continue? [Y/n] Y (Reading database ... 601175 files and directories currently installed.) Preparing to unpack .../linux-headers-4.4.0-204-generic_4.4.0-204.236_amd64.deb ... Unpacking linux-headers-4.4.0-204-generic (4.4.0-204.236) ... dpkg: error processing archive /var/cache/apt/archives/linux-headers-4.4.0-204-generic_4.4.0-204.236_amd64.deb (--unpack): unable to create '/usr/src/linux-headers-4.4.0-204-generic/include/config/keyboard/lm8323.h.dpkg-new' (while processing './usr/src/linux-headers-4.4.0-204-generic/include/config/keyboard/lm8323.h'): No space left on device No apport report written because the error message indicates a disk full error dpkg-deb: error: subprocess paste was killed by signal (Broken pipe) Errors were encountered while processing: /var/cache/apt/archives/linux-headers-4.4.0-204-generic_4.4.0-204.236_amd64.deb E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)
df -i
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 df -i Filesystem Inodes IUsed IFree IUse% Mounted on udev 495812 365 495447 1% /dev tmpfs 498134 529 497605 1% /run /dev/nvme0n1p1 655360 650717 4643 100% / tmpfs 498134 1 498133 1% /dev/shm tmpfs 498134 3 498131 1% /run/lock tmpfs 498134 16 498118 1% /sys/fs/cgroup tmpfs 498134 5 498129 1% /run/user/1004
參考